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ALL / Rheumatology

Rheumatoid arthritis: epidemiology and risk factors

Rheumatoid arthritis: epidemiology and risk factors

Epidemiology
  • Peak onset = 35-55 years, although occurs in all age groups
-Female:Male ratio = 3:1
  • prevalence = 1%

Notable risk factors
  • Smoking
    • The strongest modifiable risk factor
    • Dose-dependent and synergistic with HLA-DRB1
  • HLA-DRB1
    • 'Shared epitope' alleles
    • Encode a common amino-acid sequence that promotes presentation of citrullinated self-antigens to T cells
    • Strongly associated with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (rheumatoid factor and anti-CCP positive)
  • Periodontal disease
    • Especially Porphyromonas gingivalis
    • Can induce protein citrullination
+PassMedicine Notes
Epidemiology
  • Peak onset = 35-55 years, although occurs in all age groups
-Female:Male ratio = 3:1
  • prevalence = 1%
Notable risk factors
  • Smoking
    • The strongest modifiable risk factor
    • Dose-dependent and synergistic with HLA-DRB1
  • HLA-DRB1
    • 'Shared epitope' alleles
    • Encode a common amino-acid sequence that promotes presentation of citrullinated self-antigens to T cells
    • Strongly associated with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (rheumatoid factor and anti-CCP positive)
  • Periodontal disease
    • Especially Porphyromonas gingivalis
    • Can induce protein citrullination


Media
Rheumatoid arthritis
Osmosis - YouTube
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Rheumatoid arthritis
YouTube
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