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ALL / Respiratory Medicine

Bronchiectasis: causes

Bronchiectasis: causes

Bronchiectasis describes a permanent dilatation of the airways secondary to chronic infection or inflammation. There are a wide variety of causes are listed below:

Causes
  • post-infective: tuberculosis, measles, pertussis, pneumonia
  • cystic fibrosis
  • bronchial obstruction e.g. lung cancer/foreign body
  • immune deficiency: selective IgA, hypogammaglobulinaemia
  • allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA)
  • ciliary dyskinetic syndromes: Kartagener's syndrome, Young's syndrome
  • yellow nail syndrome

Chest x-ray showing tramlines, most prominent in the left lower zone
CT chest showing widespread tram-track and signet ring signs
+PassMedicine Notes

Bronchiectasis describes a permanent dilatation of the airways secondary to chronic infection or inflammation. There are a wide variety of causes are listed below:

Causes
  • post-infective: tuberculosis, measles, pertussis, pneumonia
  • cystic fibrosis
  • bronchial obstruction e.g. lung cancer/foreign body
  • immune deficiency: selective IgA, hypogammaglobulinaemia
  • allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA)
  • ciliary dyskinetic syndromes: Kartagener's syndrome, Young's syndrome
  • yellow nail syndrome


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