Brain lesions

Brain lesions

Gross anatomy

• sensory inattention
  sensory inattention
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• apraxias
  Parietal lobe lesions may cause apraxias
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  Importance: 31
• astereognosis
  Parietal lobe lesions may cause astereognosis
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  Importance: 59
  (tactile agnosia)
• inferior homonymous quadrantanopia
  Parietal lobe lesions may cause inferior homonymous quadrantanopia
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  Importance: 30
• Gerstmann's syndrome
  Parietal lobe lesions may cause Gerstmann's syndrome
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  Importance: 52
  (lesion of dominant parietal): alexia
  Parietal lobe lesions may cause alexia
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  Importance: 25
  , acalculia
  Parietal lobe lesions may cause acalculia
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  Importance: 73
  , finger agnosia and right-left disorientation

• homonymous hemianopia (with macula sparing)
  Occipital lobe lesions may cause homonymous hemianopia (with macula sparing)
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  Importance: 2
• cortical blindness
  Occipital lobe lesions may cause cortical blindness
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  Importance: 41
• visual agnosia
  Occipital lobe lesions may cause visual agnosia
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  Importance: 17

• Wernicke's aphasia
  Temporal lobe lesions may cause Wernicke's aphasia
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  Importance: 27
  : this area 'forms' the speech before 'sending it' to Brocas area. Lesions result in word substituion, neologisms but speech remains fluent
  Lesions result in word substituion, neologisms but speech remains fluent
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• superior homonymous quadrantanopia
  Temporal lobe lesions may cause superior homonymous quadrantanopia
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  Importance: 32
• auditory agnosia
  Temporal lobe lesions may cause auditory agnosia
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  Importance: 68
• prosopagnosia (difficulty recognising faces)
  prosopagnosia (difficulty recognising faces)
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• expressive (Broca's) aphasia
  Frontal lobe lesions may cause expressive (Broca's) aphasia
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  Importance: 26
  : located on the posterior aspect of the frontal lobe, in the inferior frontal gyrus. Speech is non-fluent, laboured, and halting
• disinhibition
  Frontal lobe lesions may cause disinhibition
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  Importance: 7
• perseveration
  Frontal lobe lesions may cause perseveration
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  Importance: 75
• anosmia
  anosmia
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• inability to generate a list
  Frontal lobe lesions may cause inability to generate a list
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  Importance: 53

• midline lesions: gait and truncal ataxia
• hemisphere lesions: intention tremor, past pointing, dysdiadokinesis, nystagmus

More specific areas