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ALL / Neurology
Multiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis is chronic cell-mediated autoimmune disorder characterised by demyelination in the central nervous system.Epidemiology
- 3 times more common in women
- most commonly diagnosed in people aged 20-40 years
- much more common at higher latitudes (5 times more common than in tropics)
Genetics
- monozygotic twin concordance = 30%
- dizygotic twin concordance = 2%
A variety of subtypes have been identified:
Relapsing-remitting disease
- most common form, accounts for around 85% of patients
- acute attacks (e.g. last 1-2 months) followed by periods of remission
Secondary progressive disease
- describes relapsing-remitting patients who have deteriorated and have developed neurological signs and symptoms between relapses
- around 65% of patients with relapsing-remitting disease go on to develop secondary progressive disease within 15 years of diagnosis
- gait and bladder disorders are generally seen
Primary progressive disease
- accounts for 10% of patients
- progressive deterioration from onset
- more common in older people
+PassMedicine Notes
Multiple sclerosis is chronic cell-mediated autoimmune disorder characterised by demyelination in the central nervous system.
Epidemiology- 3 times more common in women
- most commonly diagnosed in people aged 20-40 years
- much more common at higher latitudes (5 times more common than in tropics)
- monozygotic twin concordance = 30%
- dizygotic twin concordance = 2%
A variety of subtypes have been identified:
Relapsing-remitting disease- most common form, accounts for around 85% of patients
- acute attacks (e.g. last 1-2 months) followed by periods of remission
- describes relapsing-remitting patients who have deteriorated and have developed neurological signs and symptoms between relapses
- around 65% of patients with relapsing-remitting disease go on to develop secondary progressive disease within 15 years of diagnosis
- gait and bladder disorders are generally seen
- accounts for 10% of patients
- progressive deterioration from onset
- more common in older people
