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ALL / Endocrinology
Acute phase proteins
Acute phase proteins
Acute-phase proteins are liver-derived proteins whose serum concentrations change significantly during acute or chronic inflammation, mainly in response to IL-6.Pathophysiology
- part of the innate inflammatory response
- positive acute-phase proteins increase to enhance host defence, coagulation and tissue repair
- negative acute-phase proteins decrease to conserve amino acids and alter iron handling
Positive acute-phase proteins
- C-reactive protein (CRP)
- binds phosphocholine on bacteria and apoptotic cells
- acts as an opsonin and activates complement
- widely used as a non-specific marker of inflammation
- procalcitonin
- ferritin
- sequesters iron, reducing microbial access
- fibrinogen
- promotes coagulation/endothelial repair and contributes to a raised ESR
- hepcidin
- degrades ferroportin, reducing gut iron absorption and macrophage iron release
- contributes to anaemia of chronic disease
- serum amyloid A
- prolonged elevation may cause AA amyloidosis
- alpha-1 antitrypsin, caeruloplasmin, haptoglobin, complement
Negative acute-phase proteins
- albumin
- transferrin
- transthyretin (prealbumin)
- retinol-binding protein
- corticosteroid-binding globulin
+PassMedicine Notes
Acute-phase proteins are liver-derived proteins whose serum concentrations change significantly during acute or chronic inflammation, mainly in response to IL-6.
Pathophysiology- part of the innate inflammatory response
- positive acute-phase proteins increase to enhance host defence, coagulation and tissue repair
- negative acute-phase proteins decrease to conserve amino acids and alter iron handling
- C-reactive protein (CRP)
- binds phosphocholine on bacteria and apoptotic cells
- acts as an opsonin and activates complement
- widely used as a non-specific marker of inflammation
- procalcitonin
- ferritin
- sequesters iron, reducing microbial access
- fibrinogen
- promotes coagulation/endothelial repair and contributes to a raised ESR
- hepcidin
- degrades ferroportin, reducing gut iron absorption and macrophage iron release
- contributes to anaemia of chronic disease
- serum amyloid A
- prolonged elevation may cause AA amyloidosis
- alpha-1 antitrypsin, caeruloplasmin, haptoglobin, complement
- albumin
- transferrin
- transthyretin (prealbumin)
- retinol-binding protein
- corticosteroid-binding globulin