P450 enzyme system
Induction usually requires prolonged exposure to the inducing drug, as opposed to P450 inhibitors, where effects are often seen rapidly
Inducers of the P450 system include
- antiepileptics: phenytoin
Phenytoin is a P450 enzyme inducer
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Importance: 27
, carbamazepineCarbamazepine is a P450 enzyme inductor
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Importance: 44
- barbiturates: phenobarbitone
Phenobarbitone is a P450 enzyme inductor
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Importance: 32
- rifampicin
Rifampicin is a P450 enzyme inductor
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Importance: 61
- St John's Wort
St John's Wort is an enzyme inducer and can reduce the effectiveness of the combined oral contraceptive pill
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Importance: 38
- chronic alcohol intake
Chronic alcohol intake is a P450 enzyme inductor
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Importance: 35
- griseofulvin
- smoking
Smoking is a P450 enzyme inductor
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Importance: 58
(affects CYP1A2, reason why smokers require more aminophylline)
Inhibitors of the P450 system include
- antibiotics: ciprofloxacin
Ciprofloxacin is a P450 enzyme inhibitor
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Importance: 64
, erythromycinMacrolide antibiotics are potent inhibitors of cytochrome P450 enzymes and may elevate the INR if co-prescribed with warfarin
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Importance: 12
- isoniazid
Isoniazid inhibits the P450 system
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Importance: 39
- cimetidine
Cimetidine is a P450 enzyme inhibitor
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Importance: 7
,omeprazoleOmeprazole is a P450 enzyme inhibitor
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Importance: 22
- amiodarone
Amiodarone is a P450 enzyme inhibitor
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Importance: 22
- allopurinol
Allopurinol is a P450 enzyme inhibitor
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Importance: 48
- imidazoles: ketoconazole, fluconazole
Fluconazole/ketoconazole are P450 enzyme inhibitors
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Importance: 1
- SSRIs: fluoxetine
Fluoxetine is a P450 enzyme inhibitor
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Importance: 40
, sertralineSertraline is a P450 enzyme inhibitor
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Importance: 53
- ritonavir
Ritonavir is a P450 enzyme inhibitor
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Importance: 35
- sodium valproate
Sodium valproate is an P450 inhibitor
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Importance: 51
- acute alcohol intake
Acute alcohol intake is a P450 enzyme inhibitor
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Importance: 33
- quinupristin
+PassMedicine Notes
Induction usually requires prolonged exposure to the inducing drug, as opposed to P450 inhibitors, where effects are often seen rapidly
Inducers of the P450 system include
- antiepileptics: phenytoin, carbamazepine
- barbiturates: phenobarbitone
- rifampicin
- St John's Wort
- chronic alcohol intake
- griseofulvin
- smoking (affects CYP1A2, reason why smokers require more aminophylline)
Inhibitors of the P450 system include
- antibiotics: ciprofloxacin, erythromycin
- isoniazid
- cimetidine,omeprazole
- amiodarone
- allopurinol
- imidazoles: ketoconazole, fluconazole
- SSRIs: fluoxetine, sertraline
- ritonavir
- sodium valproate
- acute alcohol intake
- quinupristin
